• For French

    Team leader: Karim Kelfoun. Co-team leader: Valérie Cayol.

    Our team is one of the most important in volcanology at the international level.

    It has about forty five people, including 26 permanent researchers and lecturers, and about twenty PhD and post-doctoral students.

    We cover a wide range of topics and methods, from the transport and storage conditions of magma in the crust to the internal dynamics of volcanoes and eruptive processes at the surface, and to their implications for volcanic hazards. Our approach consists of coupling observations and measurements (field and satellite remote sensing) with Laboratory experiments and numerical modelling.

    In addition to collaborations with numerous observatories on active volcanoes, we focus on volcanoes in IRD partner countries (Chile, Ecuador, Indonesia, Peru, Vanuatu).

    • Research fields:
    Transport and storage of magmas in the crust (flows and time scales, reservoir formation)
    Physical processes and internal structure of volcanic edifices (deformation, seismicity, hydrothermal systems, muon tomography)
    Processes in conduits and plumes (fragmentation, eruptive styles, remote sensing monitoring and characterization, magma degassing)
    Volcanic flows (modelling of lava flows, pyroclastic flows, debris avalanches, tsunamis, lahars, and associated hazards)
    Evolution of volcanic edifices (petro-geochemical, structural and geomorphological evolution)

     

     

    • Collaborations on the Clermont site: LaMP (Physical Meteorology Laboratory), LPC (Corpuscular Physics Laboratory), LM (Mathematics Laboratory), LIMOS (Computer Science, Modelling and Systems Optimisation Laboratory), MSH (Maison des Sciences de l’Homme), CERDI (Centre d’Etude et de Recherches sur le Développement International)

     

  • Youtube

    Page Youtube de l »équipe de volcanologie du LMV

  • Staff list

    51 people detected

    Aguilar Rigoberto
    Aumar Cyril
    Bani Philipson
    Battaglia Jean
    Bernard Karine
    Bonilauri Emmie
    Boudoire Guillaume
    Buvat Solène
    Carrara Alexandre
    Cayol Valérie
    Chevrel Oryaëlle
    Ciolczyk Damien
    Colavita Micaela
    Dabaghi Farshid
    Donnadieu Franck
    Druitt Tim
    Eychenne Julia
    Freret-Lorgeril Valentin
    Gailler Lydie
    Galarraga-Ortiz Michael
    Gouhier Mathieu
    Guillard Romain
    Gurioli Lucia
    Harris Andrew
    Haruel Christy
    Jessop David
    Jubertie Remy
    Kelfoun Karim
    Klein Amelie
    Labazuy Philippe
    Lacombe Tristan
    Lénat Jean-François
    Lizarazo Sindy
    Menand Thierry
    Merciecca Charley
    Merle Olivier
    Metcalfe Abigail
    Michaud-Dubuy Audrey
    Moune Séverine
    Pailot-Bonnetat Sophie
    Paris Raphaël
    Penlou Baptiste
    Pouget Manon
    Rafflin Victoria
    Roche Olivier
    Scholtes Luc
    Tomasek Inès
    Vaerewyck Céline
    Van Wyk De Vries Benjamin
    Verdurme Pauline
    Vernet Gérard

    Volcanology Team – July 2019

    The volcanology team is composed of 26 permanent researchers ( 9 professors and assistant professors, 8 physicist, 4 CNRS researchers, 3 IRD researchers, 1 INRAP researcher, 1 teacher), 2 emeritus, 2 post-doctorates and 12 PhD candidates.

  • The volcanology platform includes geophysical measurement equipment (DGPS, resistivity tomography, spontaneous polarization, electromagnetic soundings, ERT, GPR, seismic stations), instruments for the textural characterization of volcanic products (G3 morpho-granulometer, pycnometers and permeameters in the textural analysis laboratory),  the experimental volcanology laboratory, in house numerical modelling softwares and satellite and ground-based remote sensing tools (Doppler radars, DOAS, MultiGas, IR cameras, drones and image processing laboratory). It should be noted that some of these instruments are part of the OPGC’s observation services.

    Geophysics
    Textural analysis laboratory
    Laboratory of experimental volcanology
    Numerical modelling
    Remote sensing

     

  • Rang A :

    256 publication(s) trouvée(s).

    1. Bonali F.L., Vitello F., Kearl M., Tibaldi A., Whitworth M., Antoniou V., Russo E., Delage E., Nomikou P., Becciani U., Van Wyk De Vries B., Krokos M. (2024). GeaVR: An open-source tools package for geological-structural exploration and data collection using immersive virtual reality. Applied Computing and Geosciences vol.21, p.100156, - DOI:10.1016/j.acags.2024.100156 - lien HAL .
    2. Druitt T., Kutterolf S., Ronge T.A., Hübscher C., Nomikou P., Preine J., Gertisser R., Karstens J., Keller J., Koukousioura O., Manga M., Metcalfe A., McCanta M., McIntosh I., Pank K., Woodhouse A., Beethe S., Berthod C., Chiyonobu S., Chen H., Clark A., DeBari S., Johnston R., Peccia A., Yamamoto Y., Bernard A., Fernandez Perez T., Jones C., Batuk Joshi K., Kletetschka G., Li X., Morris A., Polymenakou P., Tominaga M., Papanikolaou D., Wang K.-L., Lee H.-Y. (2024). Giant offshore pumice deposit records a shallow submarine explosive eruption of ancestral Santorini. Communications Earth & Environment vol.5, p.24, - DOI:10.1038/s43247-023-01171-z - lien HAL .
    3. Dumont Q., Cayol V., Froger J.L. (2024). Is stress modeling able to forecast intrusions and slip events at Piton de la Fournaise volcano?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters vol.626, p.118494, - DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118494 - lien HAL .
    4. Huber M., Scholtes L., Lavé J. (2024). Stability and failure modes of slopes with anisotropic strength: Insights from discrete element models. Geomorphology vol.444, p.108946, - DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.108946 - lien HAL .
    5. Malawani M.N., Lavigne F., Kelfoun K., Lahitte P., Sri Hadmoko D., Gomez C., Wassmer P., Syamsuddin S., Faral A. (2024). Large debris avalanche and associated eruptive event at Samalas volcano, Lombok, Indonesia. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.86, p.24, 3, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-024-01727-7.
    6. Rafflin V., Boudoire G., Massaro S., Stocchi M., Costa A., Grassa F., Giuffrida G., Gailler L., Liuzzo M., Planche C., Banson S., Harris A. (2024). Modelling CO2 dispersion in the air during potential limnic eruption at the lake Pavin (France). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.447, p.108024, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2024.108024 - lien HAL .
    7. Aubry T.J., Engwell S.L., Bonadonna C., Mastin L.G., Carazzo G., Van Eaton A.R., Jessop D., Grainger R.G., Scollo S., Taylor I.A., Jellinek A.M., Schmidt A., Biass S., Gouhier M. (2023). New Insights Into the Relationship Between Mass Eruption Rate and Volcanic Column Height Based On the IVESPA Data Set. Geophysical Research Letters vol.50, - DOI:10.1029/2022GL102633 - lien HAL .
    8. Bablon M., Nauret F., Saillard M., Samaniego P., Vlastélic I., Hidalgo S., Le Pennec J.L., Ratzov G., Michaud F., Mothes P., Liorzou C., Gannoun A.M. (2023). An innovative isotopic method to identify the volcanic source of distal tephra. Earth and Planetary Science Letters vol.619, p.118283, - DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118283 - lien HAL .
    9. Boudoire G., Pasdeloup G., Schiavi F., Cluzel N., Rafflin V., Grassa F., Giuffrida G., Liuzzo M., Harris A., Laporte D., Rizzo A.L. (2023). Magma storage and degassing beneath the youngest volcanoes of the Massif Central (France): Lessons for the monitoring of a dormant volcanic province. Chemical Geology vol.634, p.121603, - DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121603 - lien HAL .
    10. Brand B.D., Pollock N., Vallance J.W., Esposti Ongaro T., Roche O., Trolese M., Giordano G., Marshall A.A., Criswell C.W. (2023). Advances in our understanding of pyroclastic current behavior from the 1980 eruption sequence of Mount St. Helens volcano (Washington), USA. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.85, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-022-01617-w - lien HAL .
    11. Charbonnier S.J., Kelfoun K., Widiwijayanti C., Sri Sayudi D., Putra R. (2023). Assessing the Pyroclastic Density 16 : Current Hazards at Merapi: From Field Data to Numerical Simulations and Hazard Maps. Merapi Volcano, Active Volcanoes of the World. R. Gertisser et al. (eds.), - DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_16.
    12. Chevrel O., Harris A. (2023). Monitoring Lava Flows. Modern Volcano Monitoring edited by: Zack Spica and Corentin Caudron ; Book series Advances in Volcanology, - lien HAL .
    13. Chevrel O., Latchimy T., Batier L., Delpoux R., Harris M., Kolzenburg S. (2023). A new portable field rotational viscometer for high-temperature melts. Review of Scientific Instruments vol.94, p.105116, - DOI:10.1063/5.0160247 - lien HAL .
    14. Chevrel O., Villeneuve N., Grandin R., Froger J.L., Coppola D., Massimetti F., Campus A., Hrysiewicz A., Peltier A. (2023). Report : lava flow daily monitoring of the 19 September–05 October 2022 eruption at Piton de la Fournaise. Volcanica - DOI:10.30909/vol.06.02.391404.
    15. Crozier J., Karlstrom L., Montgomery-Brown E., Mario A., Cayol V., Bato M., Wang T.A., Grapenthin R., Shreve T., Anderson K., Astort A., Bodart O., Cannavò F., Currenti G., Dabaghi F., Erickson B.A., Garg D., Head M., Iozzia A., Kim Y.C., Le Mével H., Novoa Lizama C., Rucker C., Silveri F., Trasatti E., Zhan Y. (2023). Understanding the drivers of volcano deformation through geodetic model verification and validation. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.85, p.74, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-023-01687-4 - lien HAL .
    16. Daigle H., Duarte J.C., Fagereng A., Paris R., Persaud P., Gómez-García A.M. (2023). MagellanPlus Workshop: mission-specific platform approaches to assessing natural hazards that impact society. Scientific Drilling vol.32, p.101-111, - DOI:10.5194/sd-32-101-2023 - lien HAL .
    17. Eldursi K., Scholtes L., Conin M., Golfier F., Ledru P., Mercadier J., Collon P., Chemillac R. (2023). 3-D hydromechanical simulation of intersecting faults: Influences on fluid circulation and formation of oriented-orebodies. Journal of Structural Geology vol.171, p.104864, - DOI:10.1016/j.jsg.2023.104864 - lien HAL .
    18. Flynn I.T.W, Chevrel O., Crown D.A., Ramsey M.S. (2023). The effects of digital elevation model resolution on the PyFLOWGO thermorheological lava flow model. Environmental Modelling & Software - DOI:10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105768 - lien HAL .
    19. Flynn I.T.W., Chevrel O., Ramsey M.S. (2023). Adaptation of a Thermorheological Lava Flow Model for Venus Conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets vol.128, - DOI:10.1029/2022JE007710 - lien HAL .
    20. Galas A., Lewinska P., Aguilar R., Nowak L. (2023). Remote sensing data applied to the reconstruction of volcanic activity in the Valley of the Volcanoes, Central Volcanic Zone, Peru. Journal of Geodynamics vol.156, p.101972, - DOI:10.1016/j.jog.2023.101972.
    21. Giannoulis M., Harris A., Barra V. (2023). DITAN: A deep-learning domain agnostic framework for detection and interpretation of temporally-based multivariate Anomalies. A définir vol.143, p.109814, - DOI:10.1016/j.patcog.2023.109814 - lien HAL .
    22. Guéhenneux Y., Charbonnier S., Roche O. (2023). PyroCLAST: a new experimental framework to investigate overspilling of channelized, concentrated pyroclastic currents. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.85, 5, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-022-01623-y - lien HAL .
    23. Habakaramo Macumu P., Boudoire G., Calabrese S., Rufino F., Coyte R.M., Tedesco D. (2023). Impacts of volcanic hazards on rural communities and adaptative strategies: A case study of the Virunga Volcanic Province (Democratic Republic of Congo). International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction vol.86, p.103566, - DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103566 - lien HAL .
    24. Hamon C., Pereira G., Chevrel O., Aubry L., Siebe C., Quesada O., Reyes-Guzmán N. (2023). Present Use and Production of Metates and Molcajetes in Turícuaro (Michoacán, Mexico): Deciphering the Evolution of Food Preparation Practices. Ethnoarchaeology - DOI:10.1080/19442890.2023.2280379.
    25. Harris A., Latutrie B., Van Wyk De Vries B., Saubin E., Foucher M., Gurioli L., Zanella E., Médard E., Nauret F. (2023). Emplacement of monogenetic lava flows on eroded terrain, Part II: The case of the Arti`ere valley (Grave Noire, France). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.438, p.107812, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107812.
    26. Heap M.J., Wadsworth F.B., Jessop D. (2023). The thermal conductivity of unlithified granular volcanic materials: The influence of hydrothermal alteration and degree of water saturation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.435, p.107775, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107775 - lien HAL .
    27. Inostroza M., Moune S., Moretti R., Burckel P., Chilin-Eusebe E., Dessert C., Robert C., Gorge C. (2023). Major and trace element emission rates in hydrothermal plumes in a tropical environment. The case of La Soufrière de Guadeloupe volcano. Chemical Geology vol.632, p.121552, - DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121552 - lien HAL .
    28. Jiao L., Tapponnier P., Donzé F.V., Scholtes L., Gaudemer Y., Xu X. (2023). Discrete Element Modeling of Southeast Asia's 3D Lithospheric Deformation During the Indian Collision. Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth vol.128, - DOI:10.1029/2022JB025578.
    29. Kelfoun K., Proaño A. (2023). Large–scale volcanic deposit fluidisation by dilute pyroclastic density currents. Nature Geoscience vol.16, p.499-504, 6, - DOI:10.1038/s41561-023-01190-7 - lien HAL .
    30. Latutrie B., Harris A., Van Wyk De Vries B., Gurioli L., Médard E. (2023). Emplacement of lava flows on eroded terrain, part I: The case of the Tiretaine valley (Chaîne des Puys, France). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.438, p.107808, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107808.
    31. Merle O., Aumar C., Labazuy P., Merciecca C., Buvat S. (2023). Structuration tertiaire et quaternaire du Plateau des Dômes (Chaîne des Puys, Massif central, France)Tertiary and Quaternary structural evolution of the Plateau des Dômes (Chaîne des Puys, Massif central, France). Géologie de la France vol.1, p.1-22.
    32. Merle O., Boivin P., Langlois E., de Larouzière F.-D., Michelin Y., Olive. C. (2023). Review - The UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Chaîne des Puys–Limagne Fault Tectonic Arena (Auvergne, France). Geosciences vol.13, p.198, - DOI:10.3390/geosciences13070198 - lien HAL .
    33. Metcalfe A, Moune S., Komorowski J.C., Robertson R., Christopher T.E., Joseph E.P., Moretti R. (2023). Earth-Science Reviews Diverse Magma Storage and Major and Volatile Magma Composition: What are the implications on the Eruptive Style Across a Volcanic Arc? An Example of the Lesser Antilles Arc. Earth Sciences Reviews vol.241, p.104440, - DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104440 - lien HAL .
    34. Metcalfe A., Moune S., Komorowski J.C., Robertson R., Christopher T.E., Joseph E.P., Moretti R. (2023). Diverse magma storage and major and volatile magma composition: What are the implications on the eruptive style across a volcanic arc? An example of the Lesser Antilles Arc. Earth Sciences Reviews vol.241, p.104440, - DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104440.
    35. Metcalfe A., Moune S., Moretti R., Komorowski J.C., Aubry T.J. (2023). Volatile emissions from past eruptions at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles): insights into degassing processes and atmospheric impacts. Frontiers in Earth Science vol.11, p.1143325, - DOI:10.3389/feart.2023.1143325 - lien HAL .
    36. Michaud-Dubuy A., Carazzo G., Balcone-Boissard H., Boudon G., Kaminski E. (2023). Unsuspected explosive activity of Montagne Pelée (Lesser Antilles) during the 25–10 ka period. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.107873, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107873 - lien HAL .
    37. Mostafa A., Scholtes L., Golfier F. (2023). Pore-scale hydro-mechanical modeling of gas transport in coal matrix. Fuel vol.345, p.128165, - DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128165 - lien HAL .
    38. Pailot-Bonnetat S., Rafflin V., Harris A., Diliberto I.S., Ganci G., Bilotta G., Cappello A., Boudoire G., Grassa F., Gattuso A., Ramsey M. (2023). Anatomy of thermal unrest at a hydrothermal system: case study of the 2021–2022 crisis at Vulcano. Earth, Planets and Space vol.75, p.159, - DOI:10.1186/s40623‑023‑01913‑5 - lien HAL .
    39. Paris R., Pelletier B., Roger J., Wassmer P., Sabatier P. (2023). Sedimentary evidence of tsunamis in New Caledonia, southwest Pacific. Marine Geology vol.463, p.107116, - DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107116 - lien HAL .
    40. Penlou B., Roche O., Manga M., Van den Wildenberg S. (2023). Experimental Measurement of Enhanced and Hindered Particle Settling in Turbulent Gas-Particle Suspensions, and Geophysical Implications. Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth vol.128, p.e2022JB025809, - DOI:10.1029/2022JB025809 - lien HAL .
    41. Penlou B., Roche O., Van den Wildenberg S. (2023). Experimental Study of the Generation of Pore Gas Pressure in Pyroclastic Density Currents Resulting From Eruptive Fountain Collapse. Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth vol.128, p.e2023JB027510, - DOI:10.1029/2023JB027510 - lien HAL .
    42. Polo-Sánchez A., Flaherty T., Hervé G., Druitt T., Fabbro G., Nomikou P., Balcone-Boissard H. (2023). Tracking timescales of magma reservoir recharge through caldera cycles at Santorini (Greece). Emphasis on an explosive eruption of Kameni Volcano. Frontiers in Earth Science vol.11, - DOI:1I 10.3389/feart.2023.1128083 - lien HAL .
    43. RAVE BONILA Y., Jessop D., Moune S., Garbin C., Moretti R. (2023). Numerical modelling of the volcanic plume dispersion from the hydrothermal system of La Soufrière de Guadeloupe. Volcanica vol.6, p.459-477, 2, - DOI:10.30909/vol.06.02.459477 - lien HAL .
    44. Reyes-Guzmán N., Siebe C., Chevrel O., Pereira G., Mahgoub A.N., Böhnel H. (2023). Holocene volcanic eruptions of the Malpaís de Zacapu and its pre-Hispanic settlement history. Ancient Mesoamerica - DOI:10.1017/S095653612100050X - lien HAL .
    45. Rizza U., Donnadieu F., Morichett M., Avolio E., Castorina G., Semprebello A., Magazu S., Passerin G., Mancinelli E., Biensan C. (2023). Airspace Contamination by Volcanic Ash from Sequences of Etna Paroxysms: Coupling the WRF-Chem Dispersion Model with Near-Source L-Band Radar Observations. Remote Sensing vol.15, p.376, - DOI:10.3390/rs15153760 - lien HAL .
    46. Sampietro D., Capponi M., Thebault E., Gailler L. (2023). An enhanced view on the Mediterranean Sea crust from potential fields data. Scientific Reports vol.13, - DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-37289-5 - lien HAL .
    47. Santamarí S., Quidelleur X., Samaniego P., Qaudin L., Le Pennec J.L., Hidalgo S., Liorzou C., Guillou H. (2023). Timing of Quaternary volcanism and its relationship with tectonics in the central segment of the Ecuadorian Andes. Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth vol.442, p.107895, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107895 - lien HAL .
    48. Sepulveda J.P., Cioni R., Aravena A. (2023). Morphology-based characterization of intermediate to silicic lava flows: Application to the Central Andean Volcanic Zone. Earth Sciences Reviews vol.241, p.104433, - DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104433.
    49. Thivet S., Hess K.U., Dingwell D.B., Berthod C., Gurioli L., Di Muro A., Lacombe T., Komorowski J.C. (2023). Volatiles of the active Mayotte volcanic chain: STA & EGA-MS analysis of volcanic products. Chemical Geology vol.618, p.121297, - DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121297 - lien HAL .
    50. Thivet S., Pereira L., Menguy N., Médard E., Verdurme P., Berthod C., Troadec D., Hess K.-U., Dingwell D.B., Komorowski J.-C. (2023). Metastable liquid immiscibility in the 2018–2021 Fani Maoré lavas as a mechanism for volcanic nanolite formation. Communications Earth & Environment vol.4, 483, - DOI:10.1038/s43247-023-01158-w - lien HAL .
    51. Thouret J.C., Aisyah N., Jenkins S.F., de Bélizal E., Sulistiyani, Charbonnier S.J., Sri Sayudi D., Nandaka I.G.M.A., Mainsant G., Solikhin A. (2023). Merapi’s Lahars: Characteristics, 17 :Behaviour, Monitoring, Impact, Hazard Modelling and Risk Assessment. Merapi Volcano, Active Volcanoes of the World. R. Gertisser et al. (eds.), Springer, - DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_17.
    52. Thouret J.C., Taillandier M., Arapa E., Wavelet E. (2023). Vulnerable settlements to debris flows in Arequipa, Peru: population characteristics, hazard knowledge, risk perception, and disaster risk management. Natural Hazards - DOI:10.1007/s11069-023-06167-8 - lien HAL .
    53. Thouret J.C., Taillandier M., wavelet E., Azzaoui N., Santoni O., Tjahjono B. (2023). Semeru volcano, Indonesia: measuring hazard, exposure and response of densely populated neighbourhoods facing persistent volcanic threats. Natural Hazards 10.1007/s11069-023-05910-5, - DOI:10.1007/s11069-023-05910-5 - lien HAL .
    54. Verdurme P., Le Losq C., Chevrel O., Pannefieu S., Médard E., Berthod C., Komorowski J.C., Bachèlery P., Neuville D.R., Gurioli L. (2023). Viscosity of crystal-free silicate melts from the active submarine volcanic chain of Mayotte. Chemical Geology vol.620, - DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121326 - lien HAL .
    55. Şen E., Aydar E., Şen P., Gourgaud A. (2023). Insight into a rift volcanism with the petrogenesis of ultramafic enclaves and the host basalts: Kula Volcanic Field, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Italian Journal of Geosciences vol.142, p.291-315, 2, - DOI:10.3301/IJG.2023.16 - lien HAL .
    56. Aguilar R., Thouret J.C., Samaniego P., Wörner G., Jicha B., Paquette J.L., Suana E., Finizola A. (2022). Growth and evolution of long-lived, large volcanic clusters in the Central Andes: The Chachani Volcano Cluster, southern Peru. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research vol.426, p.107539, - DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107539 - lien HAL .
    57. Aravena A., Bevilacqua A., de’ Michieli Vitturi M., Esposti Ongaro T., Neri A., Cioni R. (2022). Calibration strategies of PDC kinetic energy models and their application to the construction of hazard maps. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.84, 29, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-022-01538-8 - lien HAL .
    58. Aravena A., Roche O. (2022). Influence of the topography of stratovolcanoes on the propagation and channelization of1 dense pyroclastic density currents analyzed through numerical simulations. Bulletin of Volcanology vol.84, 7, - DOI:10.1007/s00445-022-01576-2 - lien HAL .
    59. Arghavani S., Arghavani C., Banson S., Lupascu A., Gouhier M., Sellegri K., Planche C. (2022). The Effect of Using a New Parameterization of Nucleation in the WRF-Chem Model on New Particle Formation in a Passive Volcanic Plume. Atmosphere vol.13, p.15, - DOI:10.3390/atmos13010015 - lien HAL .
    60. Aumar C., Merle O., Bosse V., Monié P. (2022). Syn-rift Cretaceous deformation in the Agly Variscan Massif (Eastern Pyrenees, France). BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin vol.193, 6, - DOI:10.1051/bsgf/2022006 - lien HAL .
    61. Babeyko A., Lorito S., Hernandez F., Lauterjung J., Løvholt F., Rudloff A., Sørensen M., Androsov A., Aniel-Quiroga I., Armigliato A., Baptista M.A., Baglione E., Basili R., Behrens J., Brizuela B., Bruni S., Cambaz D., Cantavella Nadal J., Carillho F., Chandler I., Chang-Seng D., Charalampakis M., Cugliari L., Denamiel C., Güney Doğan G., Festa G., Fuhrman D., Gabriel A.A., Galea P., Gibbons S.J., González M., Graziani L., Gutscher M.A., Harig S., Hebert H., Ionescu C., Jalayer F., Kalligeris N., Kânoğlu U., Lanucara P., Macias Sánchez J., Murphy S., Necmioğlu O., Omira R., Papadopoulos G.A., Paris R., Romano F., Rossetto T., Selva J., Scala A., Tonini R., Trevlopoulos K., Triantafyllou I., Urgeles R., Vallone R., Vilibić I., Volpe M., Yalciner A.C. (2022). Towards the new Thematic Core Service Tsunami within the EPOS Research Infrastructure. Annals of Geophysics vol.65, 2, - DOI:10.4401/ag-8762 - lien HAL .
    62. Bablon M., Ratzov G., Nauret F., Samaniego P., Michaud F., Saillard M., Proust J.N., Le Pennec J.L., Collot J.Y., Devidal J.L., Orange F., Liorzou C., Migeon S., Vallejo S., Hidalgo S., Mothes P., Gonzalez M. (2022). Holocene marine tephra offshore Ecuador and Southern Colombia: First trench‐to‐arc correlations and implication for magnitude of major eruptions. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems vol.23, p.e2022GC010466, 9, - DOI:10.1029/2022GC010466 - lien HAL .
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  • The answers to these questions were elaborated in response to questions from students by several researchers of the laboratory, Luca Teray, Raphael Paris, Karim Kelfoun and Valérie Cayol. If these answers do not answer your questions, please contact Valérie Cayol (valerie.cayol@uca.fr) or Karim Kelfoun (karim.kelfoun@uca.fr).

    Questions :

    Anwsers :

    What exactly is the name of your job?

    In practice, the name of our profession is researcher, teacher-researcher, professor or physicist. You can also be a doctoral student or a post-doctoral researcher, but these positions correspond to fixed-term contracts. Our object of study is volcanoes. We are researchers in volcanology. You can also say volcanologist or vulcanologist of course.

    In which professional sector is this job located?

    The civil service.

    Who is your employer?

    The Magmas and Volcanoes Laboratory’s researchers have a variety of employers. They are the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) or the Institut de Recherches et Développement (IRD).

    Where is your workplace located?

    The researchers have offices at the university but they are also required to carry out laboratory analyses and measurement campaigns on land sometimes located on other continents. The research laboratory to which we are attached is a joint research unit, which means that it associates CNRS researchers and a university. The IRD is also associated with the laboratory.

    What is your working rhythm?

    Researchers work 35 hours a week and are entitled to 9 weeks of holiday. But researchers are generally passionate about their work. It is also a competitive profession, so researchers do not count their hours. In practice, researchers work 50 hours a week and it is not uncommon for them to take less than 5 weeks’ holiday a year.

    Why did you choose this profession?

    Because it’s a job that allows you to satisfy your curiosity. The approach is very satisfying because it generally consists of going back and forth between field observations, laboratory observations and simulations. In addition, you have relative freedom in the choice of research areas, approaches and timetables.

    What is the purpose of your job?

    See for example the video presentation of the volcanology team https://lmv.uca.fr/recherche/volcanologie/ .

    At the Magmas and Volcanoes Laboratory, we seek to understand volcanism from its source in the Earth’s mantle to the emission of volcanic products into the atmosphere. The questions we ask are: why do volcanoes erupt, what are the precursors of an eruption, what type of activity will occur, how does this activity evolve, what is its impact on human activities (aviation, agriculture, health, etc.), plants, animals and the climate ? In addition to the hazards immediately linked to volcanic activity (lava flows, mudflows, pyroclastic flows, explosions, volcanic bombs and ash, tsunamis), volcanoes release greenhouse gases (CO2), acid gases (SO2) and ash, which have an impact on the climate and populations.

    What needs do you meet by doing this job?

    A need to understand the world around us. Some of our research also allows us to better assess the risks associated with volcanism. We also participate in the transmission of knowledge to society through teaching at the university and our exchanges with the media (newspapers, television, radio, cinema, festivals).

    Can you describe in concrete terms the activities you often do, so that I can get a picture of your daily work?

    To carry out our research we combine field observations (with in situ or remote measuring devices, with drones or satellites), laboratory observations (physico-chemical analysis of volcanic products, physical experiments), and models, whether carried out by laboratory experiments or on computers. The purpose of these models is to better understand the physical processes that govern the observed behaviour. Because nature is complex, problems are simplified to study particular parameters. But, like many people, we spend most of our time in front of a computer, as we not only have to process data, but also to set up projects to obtain funding, to write reports and publications, to prepare conferences, to discuss by e-mail or video conference with other colleagues, and to this add some administrative work.

    Tell me about a typical day at work

    Researchers spend time supervising students, writing projects, administering their own and other people’s research, reading and writing articles, preparing conferences and of course doing their research (analysis of data sets, laboratory analyses, modelling, etc.).

    What other professionals do you work with? (working alone / in teams / partners…)

    Each of us, is a specialist in a specific field (lava flows, volcanic earthquakes, tsunamis, gases, etc.). To better understand volcanism and its impact, we need to work with other researchers with complementary specialities, either in the laboratory or in other laboratories: mathematicians, computer scientists, physicists, doctors, etc. As our studies involve observations of volcanoes, we collaborate with volcanological observatories located on the national territory (in Reunion Island, Guadeloupe or Martinique) or abroad. We also sometimes collaborate with professionals in the private sector for research related to geomaterials, hydrology, geothermal energy or natural hazards.

    What are the qualities needed to do your job?

    You have to be curious and passionate, have a good physical sense, and be academically excellent. You have to be very independent and have your own questions, while being able to work in a team. You also need to be able to communicate orally at conferences and in writing through articles that will be published in English in scientific journals. It is nowadays necessary to be fluent in English.

    Tell me about the positive aspects of your job

    It is a job that feeds our questions about the world around us. The possibility of satisfying our curiosity is a great source of satisfaction for many researchers.

    We have a great deal of freedom: freedom to choose our research topics insofar as these topics allow us to obtain funding, freedom to choose with whom we want to work, and relative freedom of schedule. All this is possible provided that we produce knowledge through articles published in scientific journals and communications at conferences.

    It is also a profession that allows you to be at the crossroads of many scientific disciplines (geology, physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science, geography, economics, sociology, etc.), which is very enriching, and which gives you the opportunity to travel and meet people from different cultures.

    In addition to their research, teacher-researchers also teach, both at Licence level (the first three years of study after the baccalaureate) and at Master level (fourth and fifth years of study after the baccalaureate). The researchers and teacher-researchers also supervise doctoral students (three years of research after a Master’s degree). We are thus in constant contact with students, teaching, questioning and being questioned.

    Tell me about the negative aspects of your job

    It’s hard to set limits on what you want to do and can do. We often bring work home with us and it is sometimes difficult to « disconnect » from work. It’s a passionate job that has the defects of its qualities. Researchers’ salaries are not particularly high and differ little according to their rank and responsibilities. Opportunities for promotion are limited. In short, you don’t do this job for the money. For example, a researcher with ten years’ seniority earns barely 2500 euros net per month.

    Does a volcanologist go near active volcanoes to study them?

    The image of the volcanologist is, in the collective imagination, attached to that of an adventurer in a reflective suit taking measurements just a few metres from the molten lava, or descending into a smoking crater! This vision comes largely from the documentaries and books of Haroun Tazieff and Katia and Maurice Kraft, which were made in the second half of the 20th century. However, it no longer really corresponds to the reality of a volcanologist’s work. Nowadays, it is possible to monitor volcanoes remotely, using satellites, drones or stations installed on volcanoes that transmit their measurements to the other side of the world. Volcanologists are no longer the backpackers of the 1970s. Many researchers also study volcanoes in the laboratory or digitally, which does not require them to go into the field. However, it will always be necessary to go close to active volcanoes to understand them better. Some of the activities of today’s volcanologist in the field that will not disappear soon include:

    • installing and maintaining measuring stations (seismometers, gnss, cameras, gas analysers, etc.) on volcanoes
    • collecting samples (rocks, ash, lava, gas) to be analysed in the laboratory to better understand recent and old eruptions
    • testing new measurement and observation techniques currently being developed in the laboratory and which will become part of the volcanologists’ toolbox in the future (the most emblematic example is the application of drones for volcanology)
    • carrying out surveys (cartographic but also geographical and sociological) in volcanic regions to assess vulnerability to volcanic hazards and the resulting risk

    Finally, it should be noted that some of these activities sometimes require visits to very active areas (e.g. lava flows, crater lip or fumarole fields), although this is becoming increasingly rare. These operations are of course carried out after an extremely rigorous risk assessment and with equipment specially designed to protect against possible dangers.

    If you ever have to go into the field, what are the first difficulties you will encounter on these excursions?

    Volcanic terrains are very diverse, they can be located on every continent with all the varieties of political regimes that this implies, they can be at sea level in Hawaii to almost 7000m in the Andes (not to mention submarine volcanoes), it can be over 40°C in the Afar region of Ethiopia, as well as -20°C on Erebus in Antarctica. They can be located within minutes of a large city (e.g. Vesuvius and Naples) or hundreds of kilometres from any inhabited area (e.g. some volcanoes in the Aleutian Islands). The volcano may be inactive or erupting. In short, you can expect anything! This is why all missions must be carefully prepared, from the scientific point of view (work programme and contingency plans), the natural point of view (weather, activity) and the logistical point of view (accommodation, transport, food, health), without neglecting the administrative aspects (authorisations, customs) which can prove decisive. In short, a well-prepared mission is often a successful mission (whatever the conditions), and the most difficult thing is to be well prepared, which can be learned from experience.

    What is the diploma or training required today to practice your profession?

    You need a doctorate (bachelor’s degree + 8 years of study), and in general you need to have completed one or more post-doctorates (research contracts), often abroad. You must have an exemplary academic record and have demonstrated that you conduct independent research leading to publications in reputable international journals. Typically, the CNRS hires 5 researchers in earth sciences per year for the whole country. In 2020, there are 80 candidates for these 5 positions. The last researchers hired by the CNRS in the Volcanology team of the Magmas and Volcanoes Laboratory were hired in 2006 and 2020. As far as other types of positions are concerned, the Volcanology team has hired 1 professor, 2 lecturers, 2 physicists and 3 researchers attached to the IRD over the last ten years. It is therefore a very competitive profession. Competition continues to obtain funding to carry out our projects (about 10% of the projects submitted to the National Research Agency are subsidised). To face up to this competition, and to persevere despite the difficulties that may arise, you need to be highly motivated.

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    The volcanoes we study

    Understanding volcanism requires the acquisition of field data: visible and thermal imagery, geophysical campaigns, gas, rock and ash sampling for petrological and geochemical analyses, mapping of deposits and destruction, etc.

    Our targets depend on the current activity, research themes and our collaborations with French laboratories and observatories, as well as partner countries.

    Soufrière de Guadeloupe
    Piton de la Fournaise volcano
    Italian volcanoes
    Indonesian volcanoes
    Andean volcanism
    African volcanoes

     

     

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